Kubernetes 1.15.2 部署 Traefik2.0

Ubuntu 16.04 Kubernetes 1.15.2 Traefik 2.0 Kubeadm 1.15.2

Traefik 2.0 官方文档：https://docs.traefik.io/v2.0/

1.Traefik 介绍

Traefik 最新推出了 v2.0 版本，讲解下如何在 Kubernetes 环境下安装 Traefik v2.0，在 Traefik v2.0 版本后，配置 Ingress 路由规则其使用了自定义 CRD 对象来完成，并不像之前 1.x 版本使用 Kubernetes 自带的 Ingress 对象加注解方式来完成路由配置. traefik 是一款反向代理、负载均衡服务，使用 golang 实现的。和 nginx 最大的不同是，它支持自动化更新反向代理和负载均衡配置。在微服务架构越来越流行的今天，一个业务恨不得有好几个数据库、后台服务和 webapp，开发团队拥有一款 “智能” 的反向代理服务，为他们简化服务配置，是多么幸福又理所应当的事情呀。traefik 就是为了解决这个问题而诞生的。

部署 Traefik 2.0

部署NameSpace: kube-system

在 traefik v2.0 版本后，开始使用 CRD（Custom Resource Definition）来完成路由配置等，所以需要提前创建 CRD 资源。

traefik-crd.yaml

## IngressRoute
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  name: ingressroutes.traefik.containo.us
spec:
  scope: Namespaced
  group: traefik.containo.us
  version: v1alpha1
  names:
    kind: IngressRoute
    plural: ingressroutes
    singular: ingressroute
---
## IngressRouteTCP
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  name: ingressroutetcps.traefik.containo.us
spec:
  scope: Namespaced
  group: traefik.containo.us
  version: v1alpha1
  names:
    kind: IngressRouteTCP
    plural: ingressroutetcps
    singular: ingressroutetcp
---
## Middleware
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  name: middlewares.traefik.containo.us
spec:
  scope: Namespaced
  group: traefik.containo.us
  version: v1alpha1
  names:
    kind: Middleware
    plural: middlewares
    singular: middleware
---
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  name: tlsoptions.traefik.containo.us
spec:
  scope: Namespaced
  group: traefik.containo.us
  version: v1alpha1
  names:
    kind: TLSOption
    plural: tlsoptions
    singular: tlsoption

部署 CRD 资源

kubectl apply -f traefik-crd.yaml

创建 RBAC 权限

Kubernetes 在 1.6 以后的版本中引入了基于角色的访问控制（RBAC）策略，方便对 Kubernetes 资源和 API 进行细粒度控制。Traefik 需要一定的权限，所以这里提前创建好 Traefik ServiceAccount 并分配一定的权限。

traefik-rbac.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  namespace: kube-system
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services","endpoints","secrets"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["extensions"]
    resources: ["ingresses"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["extensions"]
    resources: ["ingresses/status"]
    verbs: ["update"]
  - apiGroups: ["traefik.containo.us"]
    resources: ["middlewares"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["traefik.containo.us"]
    resources: ["ingressroutes"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["traefik.containo.us"]
    resources: ["ingressroutetcps"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
  - apiGroups: ["traefik.containo.us"]
    resources: ["tlsoptions"]
    verbs: ["get","list","watch"]
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: traefik-ingress-controller
    namespace: kube-system

部署 Traefik RBAC 资源

kubectl apply -f traefik-rbac.yaml -n kube-system

创建 Traefik 配置文件

由于 Traefik 配置很多，使用 CLI 定义操作过于繁琐，尽量使用将其配置选项放到配置文件中，然后存入 ConfigMap，将其挂入 traefik 中。

traefik-config.yaml

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: traefik-config
data:
  traefik.yaml: |-
    serversTransport:
      insecureSkipVerify: true
    api:
      insecure: true
      dashboard: true
      debug: true
    metrics:
      prometheus: ""
    entryPoints:
      web:
        address: ":80"
      websecure:
        address: ":443"
    providers:
      kubernetesCRD: ""
    log:
      filePath: ""
      level: error
      format: json
    accessLog:
      filePath: ""
      format: json
      bufferingSize: 0
      filters:
        retryAttempts: true
        minDuration: 20
      fields:
        defaultMode: keep
        names:
          ClientUsername: drop
        headers:
          defaultMode: keep
          names:
            User-Agent: redact
            Authorization: drop
            Content-Type: keep

部署 Traefik ConfigMap 资源

kubectl apply -f traefik-config.yaml -n kube-system

设置Label标签

由于使用的Kubernetes DeamonSet方式部署Traefik，所以需要提前给节点设置Label，当程序部署Pod会自动调度到设置 Label的node节点上。

节点设置 Label 标签

kubectl label nodes k8s-node-1 IngressProxy=true

验证是否成功

root@k8s-m1:/data/traefik#  kubectl get nodes --show-labels
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION   LABELS
k8s-m1      Ready    master   8d    v1.15.2   beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-m1,kubernetes.io/os=linux,node-role.kubernetes.io/master=
k8s-m2      Ready    master   8d    v1.15.2   beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-m2,kubernetes.io/os=linux,node-role.kubernetes.io/master=
k8s-node1   Ready    <none>   8d    v1.15.2   IngressProxy=true,beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-node1,kubernetes.io/os=linux
k8s-node2   Ready    <none>   8d    v1.15.2   beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-node2,kubernetes.io/os=linux

节点删除Label标签

kubectl label nodes k8s-node-1 IngressProxy-

Kubernetes 部署 Traefik

按照以前Traefik1.7部署方式，使用DaemonSet类型部署，以便于在多服务器间扩展，使用 hostport 方式占用服务器 80、443 端口，方便流量进入。

traefik-deploy.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: traefik
spec:
  ports:
    - name: web
      port: 80
    - name: websecure
      port: 443
    - name: admin
      port: 8080
  selector:
    app: traefik
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: traefik-ingress-controller
  labels:
    app: traefik
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: traefik
  template:
    metadata:
      name: traefik
      labels:
        app: traefik
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: traefik-ingress-controller
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 1
      containers:
        - image: traefik:latest
          name: traefik-ingress-lb
          ports:
            - name: web
              containerPort: 80
              hostPort: 80           #hostPort方式，将端口暴露到集群节点
            - name: websecure
              containerPort: 443
              hostPort: 443          #hostPort方式，将端口暴露到集群节点
            - name: admin
              containerPort: 8080
          resources:
            limits:
              cpu: 2000m
              memory: 1024Mi
            requests:
              cpu: 1000m
              memory: 1024Mi
          securityContext:
            capabilities:
              drop:
                - ALL
              add:
                - NET_BIND_SERVICE
          args:
            - --configfile=/config/traefik.yaml
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: "/config"
              name: "config"
      volumes:
        - name: config
          configMap:
            name: traefik-config
      tolerations:              #设置容忍所有污点，防止节点被设置污点
        - operator: "Exists"
      nodeSelector:             #设置node筛选器，在特定label的节点上启动
        IngressProxy: "true"

部署 Traefik

kubectl apply -f traefik-deploy.yaml -n kube-system

3.Traefik 路由规则基础配置

配置 HTTP 路由规则（Traefik Dashboard 为例）

Traefik 应用已经部署完成，但是想让外部访问 Kubernetes 内部服务，还需要配置路由规则，这里开启了 Traefik Dashboard 配置，所以首先配置 Traefik Dashboard 看板的路由规则，使外部能够访问 Traefik Dashboard。

traefik-dashboard-route.yaml

apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  name: traefik-dashboard-route
spec:
  entryPoints:
    - web
  routes:
    - match: Host(`traefik.example.cn`)
      kind: Rule
      services:
        - name: traefik
          port: 8080

部署Traefik Dashboard 路由规则对象

kubectl apply -f traefik-dashboard-route.yaml -n kube-system

接下来配置dnsmasq，客户端想通过域名访问服务，必须要进行DNS解析，我使用的本地 DNS 服务器进行域名解析，将 Traefik 指定节点的 IP 和自定义域名绑定，重启dnsmasq服务即可。 打开任意浏览器输入地址：http://traefik.example.cn进行访问，此处没有配置验证登录，如果想配置验证登录，使用middleware即可。

配置 HTTPS 路由规则（Kubernetes Dashboard）

这里我们创建 Kubernetes 的 Dashboard，它是基于 Https 协议方式访问，由于它是需要使用 Https 请求，所以我们需要配置 Https 的路由规则并指定证书。

创建证书文件

# 创建自签名证书
$ openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 3650 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout tls.key -out tls.crt -subj "/CN=cloud.example.cn"

# 将证书存储到Kubernetes Secret中，新建的k8dash-sa-tls必须与k8dash-route中的tls: secretName一致。
kubectl create secret tls k8dash-sa-tls --key=tls.key --cert=tls.crt -n kube-system

k8dash-route.yaml

apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  name: k8dash-sa-route
spec:
  entryPoints:
    - websecure
  tls:
    secretName: k8dash-sa-tls
  routes:
    - match: Host(`cloud.example.cn`)
      kind: Rule
      services:
# 此处的services是Kubernetes中的svc name 与 端口 可以使用kubectl get svc --namespace=kube-system获取
        - name: k8dash-svc
          port: 80

部署k8dash路由规则对象

kubectl apply -f k8dash-route.yaml -n kube-system

与Traefik Dashboard相同，配置dnsmasq服务

### 获取k8dash登录token
kubectl get secrets -n kube-system |grep k8dash-sa-token|awk '{print $1}'| xargs kubectl describe secret -n kube-system

打开任意浏览器输入地址：https://cloud.example.cn进行访问

至此部署Traefik2.0完成.

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